Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 974 proteins |
Reaction participants Show >> << Hide
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,431 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline menaquinone-4 Identifier CHEBI:78277 (CAS: 863-61-6) help_outline Charge 0 Formula C31H40O2 InChIKeyhelp_outline DKHGMERMDICWDU-GHDNBGIDSA-N SMILEShelp_outline CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC1=C(C)C(=O)c2ccccc2C1=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NADH Identifier CHEBI:57945 (Beilstein: 3869564) help_outline Charge -2 Formula C21H27N7O14P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-L SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)C1=CN(C=CC1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,116 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline menaquinol-4 Identifier CHEBI:193091 Charge 0 Formula C31H42O2 InChIKeyhelp_outline NIOZAZRLJCBEGX-GHDNBGIDSA-N SMILEShelp_outline C1(O)=C(C)C(=C(O)C2=CC=CC=C12)C/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CCC=C(C)C 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NAD+ Identifier CHEBI:57540 (Beilstein: 3868403) help_outline Charge -1 Formula C21H26N7O14P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-M SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)c1ccc[n+](c1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,186 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:74079 | RHEA:74080 | RHEA:74081 | RHEA:74082 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
| UniProtKB help_outline |
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Related reactions help_outline
More general form(s) of this reaction
Publications
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A non-canonical vitamin K cycle is a potent ferroptosis suppressor.
Mishima E., Ito J., Wu Z., Nakamura T., Wahida A., Doll S., Tonnus W., Nepachalovich P., Eggenhofer E., Aldrovandi M., Henkelmann B., Yamada K.I., Wanninger J., Zilka O., Sato E., Feederle R., Hass D., Maida A., Mourao A.S.D., Linkermann A., Geissler E.K., Nakagawa K., Abe T., Fedorova M., Proneth B., Pratt D.A., Conrad M.
Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of cell death marked by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation<sup>1</sup>, has a key role in organ injury, degenerative disease and vulnerability of therapy-resistant cancers<sup>2</sup>. Although substantial progress has been made in understanding the molecular proce ... >> More
Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of cell death marked by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation<sup>1</sup>, has a key role in organ injury, degenerative disease and vulnerability of therapy-resistant cancers<sup>2</sup>. Although substantial progress has been made in understanding the molecular processes relevant to ferroptosis, additional cell-extrinsic and cell-intrinsic processes that determine cell sensitivity toward ferroptosis remain unknown. Here we show that the fully reduced forms of vitamin K-a group of naphthoquinones that includes menaquinone and phylloquinone<sup>3</sup>-confer a strong anti-ferroptotic function, in addition to the conventional function linked to blood clotting by acting as a cofactor for γ-glutamyl carboxylase. Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), a NAD(P)H-ubiquinone reductase and the second mainstay of ferroptosis control after glutathione peroxidase-4<sup>4,5</sup>, was found to efficiently reduce vitamin K to its hydroquinone, a potent radical-trapping antioxidant and inhibitor of (phospho)lipid peroxidation. The FSP1-mediated reduction of vitamin K was also responsible for the antidotal effect of vitamin K against warfarin poisoning. It follows that FSP1 is the enzyme mediating warfarin-resistant vitamin K reduction in the canonical vitamin K cycle<sup>6</sup>. The FSP1-dependent non-canonical vitamin K cycle can act to protect cells against detrimental lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. << Less
Nature 608:778-783(2022) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 2 other entries.