Enzymes
UniProtKB help_outline | 4 proteins |
Reaction participants Show >> << Hide
- Name help_outline D-tyrosine Identifier CHEBI:58570 Charge 0 Formula C9H11NO3 InChIKeyhelp_outline OUYCCCASQSFEME-MRVPVSSYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [NH3+][C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 4 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline O2 Identifier CHEBI:15379 (CAS: 7782-44-7) help_outline Charge 0 Formula O2 InChIKeyhelp_outline MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline O=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2,727 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H2O Identifier CHEBI:15377 (CAS: 7732-18-5) help_outline Charge 0 Formula H2O InChIKeyhelp_outline XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H]O[H] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 6,264 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate Identifier CHEBI:36242 (Beilstein: 3950858) help_outline Charge -1 Formula C9H7O4 InChIKeyhelp_outline KKADPXVIOXHVKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M SMILEShelp_outline Oc1ccc(CC(=O)C([O-])=O)cc1 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 20 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H2O2 Identifier CHEBI:16240 (CAS: 7722-84-1) help_outline Charge 0 Formula H2O2 InChIKeyhelp_outline MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H]OO[H] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 452 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NH4+ Identifier CHEBI:28938 (CAS: 14798-03-9) help_outline Charge 1 Formula H4N InChIKeyhelp_outline QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O SMILEShelp_outline [H][N+]([H])([H])[H] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 529 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
RHEA:70959 | RHEA:70960 | RHEA:70961 | RHEA:70962 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
UniProtKB help_outline |
|
Related reactions help_outline
More general form(s) of this reaction
Publications
-
Crystal structure of human D-amino acid oxidase: context-dependent variability of the backbone conformation of the VAAGL hydrophobic stretch located at the si-face of the flavin ring.
Kawazoe T., Tsuge H., Pilone M.S., Fukui K.
In the brain, the extensively studied FAD-dependent enzyme D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) degrades the gliotransmitter D-serine, a potent activator of N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptors, and evidence suggests that DAO, together with its activator G72 protein, may play a key role in the path ... >> More
In the brain, the extensively studied FAD-dependent enzyme D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) degrades the gliotransmitter D-serine, a potent activator of N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptors, and evidence suggests that DAO, together with its activator G72 protein, may play a key role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Indeed, its potential clinical importance highlights the need for structural and functional analyses of human DAO. We recently succeeded in purifying human DAO, and found that it weakly binds FAD and shows a significant slower rate of flavin reduction compared with porcine DAO. However, the molecular basis for the different kinetic features remains unclear because the active site of human DAO was considered to be virtually identical to that of porcine DAO, as would be expected from the 85% sequence identity. To address this issue, we determined the crystal structure of human DAO in complex with a competitive inhibitor benzoate, at a resolution of 2.5 Angstrom. The overall dimeric structure of human DAO is similar to porcine DAO, and the catalytic residues are fully conserved at the re-face of the flavin ring. However, at the si-face of the flavin ring, despite the strict sequence identity, a hydrophobic stretch (residues 47-51, VAAGL) exists in a significantly different conformation compared with both of the independently determined porcine DAO-benzoate structures. This suggests that a context-dependent conformational variability of the hydrophobic stretch accounts for the low affinity for FAD as well as the slower rate of flavin reduction, thus highlighting the unique features of the human enzyme. << Less
Protein Sci. 15:2708-2717(2006) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 4 other entries.
-
A novel thermostable D-amino acid oxidase of the thermophilic fungus Rasamsonia emersonii strain YA.
Shimekake Y., Furuichi T., Abe K., Kera Y., Takahashi S.
D-Amino acid oxidase (DAAO) is a valuable flavoenzyme capable of being used in various practical applications, such as in determining D-amino acids and producing a material for semisynthetic cephalosporins, requiring higher thermal stability, higher catalytic activity, and broad substrate specific ... >> More
D-Amino acid oxidase (DAAO) is a valuable flavoenzyme capable of being used in various practical applications, such as in determining D-amino acids and producing a material for semisynthetic cephalosporins, requiring higher thermal stability, higher catalytic activity, and broad substrate specificity. In this study, we isolated the thermophilic fungus Rasamsonia emersonii strain YA, which can grow on several D-amino acids as the sole nitrogen source, from a compost and characterized DAAO (ReDAAO) of the fungus. ReDAAO expressed in Escherichia coli exhibited significant oxidase activity against various neutral and basic D-amino acids, in particular hydrophobic D-amino acids. In addition, the enzyme also significantly acted on cephalosporin C, a starting material for semisynthetic antibiotics, and D-Glu, a general substrate for D-aspartate oxidase but not for DAAO, showing its unique and practically useful substrate specificity. The apparent k<sub>cat</sub> and K<sub>m</sub> values of the enzyme toward good substrates were comparable to those of higher catalytic fungal DAAOs, and the thermal stability (T<sub>50</sub> value of ~60 °C) was comparable to that of a thermophilic bacterial DAAO and significantly higher than that of other eukaryotic DAAOs. These results highlight the great potential of ReDAAO for use in practical applications. << Less
Sci. Rep. 9:11948-11948(2019) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 17 other entries.
-
Biochemical Properties of Human D-Amino Acid Oxidase.
Murtas G., Sacchi S., Valentino M., Pollegioni L.
D-amino acid oxidase catalyzes the oxidative deamination of D-amino acids. In the brain, the NMDA receptor coagonist D-serine has been proposed as its physiological substrate. In order to shed light on the mechanisms regulating D-serine concentration at the cellular level, we biochemically charact ... >> More
D-amino acid oxidase catalyzes the oxidative deamination of D-amino acids. In the brain, the NMDA receptor coagonist D-serine has been proposed as its physiological substrate. In order to shed light on the mechanisms regulating D-serine concentration at the cellular level, we biochemically characterized human DAAO (hDAAO) in greater depth. In addition to clarify the physical-chemical properties of the enzyme, we demonstrated that divalent ions and nucleotides do not affect flavoenzyme function. Moreover, the definition of hDAAO substrate specificity demonstrated that D-cysteine is the best substrate, which made it possible to propose it as a putative physiological substrate in selected tissues. Indeed, the flavoenzyme shows a preference for hydrophobic amino acids, some of which are molecules relevant in neurotransmission, i.e., D-kynurenine, D-DOPA, and D-tryptophan. hDAAO shows a very low affinity for the flavin cofactor. The apoprotein form exists in solution in equilibrium between two alternative conformations: the one at higher affinity for FAD is favored in the presence of an active site ligand. This may represent a mechanism to finely modulate hDAAO activity by substrate/inhibitor presence. Taken together, the peculiar properties of hDAAO seem to have evolved in order to use this flavoenzyme in different tissues to meet different physiological needs related to D-amino acids. << Less
Front. Mol. Biosci. 4:88-88(2017) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 4 other entries.
-
Structural basis of D-DOPA oxidation by D-amino acid oxidase: alternative pathway for dopamine biosynthesis.
Kawazoe T., Tsuge H., Imagawa T., Aki K., Kuramitsu S., Fukui K.
D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) degrades the gliotransmitter D-serine, a potent endogenous ligand of N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptors. It also has been suggested that D-DOPA, the stereoisomer of L-DOPA, is oxidized by DAO and then converted to dopamine via an alternative biosynthetic pathw ... >> More
D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) degrades the gliotransmitter D-serine, a potent endogenous ligand of N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptors. It also has been suggested that D-DOPA, the stereoisomer of L-DOPA, is oxidized by DAO and then converted to dopamine via an alternative biosynthetic pathway. Here, we provide direct crystallographic evidence that D-DOPA is readily fitted into the active site of human DAO, where it is oxidized by the enzyme. Moreover, our kinetic data show that the maximal velocity for oxidation of D-DOPA is much greater than for D-serine, which strongly supports the proposed alternative pathway for dopamine biosynthesis in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In addition, determination of the structures of human DAO in various states revealed that the conformation of the hydrophobic VAAGL stretch (residues 47-51) to be uniquely stable in the human enzyme, which provides a structural basis for the unique kinetic features of human DAO. << Less
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 355:385-391(2007) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 3 other entries.