Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 811 proteins |
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- Name help_outline 11β-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione Identifier CHEBI:27967 (CAS: 382-44-5) help_outline Charge 0 Formula C19H26O3 InChIKeyhelp_outline WSCUHXPGYUMQEX-KCZNZURUSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H][C@@]12CCC3=CC(=O)CC[C@]3(C)[C@@]1([H])[C@@H](O)C[C@]1(C)C(=O)CC[C@@]21[H] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NAD+ Identifier CHEBI:57540 (Beilstein: 3868403) help_outline Charge -1 Formula C21H26N7O14P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-M SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)c1ccc[n+](c1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,186 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline androst-4-ene-3,11,17-trione Identifier CHEBI:2495 (CAS: 382-45-6) help_outline Charge 0 Formula C19H24O3 InChIKeyhelp_outline RZRPTBIGEANTGU-IRIMSJTPSA-N SMILEShelp_outline C1[C@@]2([C@@]([C@@]3(C(C1)=CC(CC3)=O)C)(C(C[C@@]4(C)[C@@]2([H])CCC4=O)=O)[H])[H] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,431 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NADH Identifier CHEBI:57945 (Beilstein: 3869564) help_outline Charge -2 Formula C21H27N7O14P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-L SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)C1=CN(C=CC1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,116 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:69408 | RHEA:69409 | RHEA:69410 | RHEA:69411 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
| UniProtKB help_outline |
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Related reactions help_outline
More general form(s) of this reaction
Publications
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Absence of 11-keto reduction of cortisone and 11-ketotestosterone in the model organism zebrafish.
Tsachaki M., Meyer A., Weger B., Kratschmar D.V., Tokarz J., Adamski J., Belting H.G., Affolter M., Dickmeis T., Odermatt A.
Zebrafish are widely used as model organism. Their suitability for endocrine studies, drug screening and toxicity assessements depends on the extent of conservation of specific genes and biochemical pathways between zebrafish and human. Glucocorticoids consist of inactive 11-keto (cortisone and 11 ... >> More
Zebrafish are widely used as model organism. Their suitability for endocrine studies, drug screening and toxicity assessements depends on the extent of conservation of specific genes and biochemical pathways between zebrafish and human. Glucocorticoids consist of inactive 11-keto (cortisone and 11-dehydrocorticosterone) and active 11β-hydroxyl forms (cortisol and corticosterone). In mammals, two 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2) interconvert active and inactive glucocorticoids, allowing tissue-specific regulation of glucocorticoid action. Furthermore, 11β-HSDs are involved in the metabolism of 11-oxy androgens. As zebrafish and other teleost fish lack a direct homologue of 11β-HSD1, we investigated whether they can reduce 11-ketosteroids. We compared glucocorticoid and androgen metabolism between human and zebrafish using recombinant enzymes, microsomal preparations and zebrafish larvae. Our results provide strong evidence for the absence of 11-ketosteroid reduction in zebrafish. Neither human 11β-HSD3 nor the two zebrafish 11β-HSD3 homologues, previously hypothesized to reduce 11-ketosteroids, converted cortisone and 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) to their 11β-hydroxyl forms. Furthermore, zebrafish microsomes were unable to reduce 11-ketosteroids, and exposure of larvae to cortisone or the synthetic analogue prednisone did not affect glucocorticoid-dependent gene expression. Additionally, a dual-role of 11β-HSD2 by inactivating glucocorticoids and generating the main fish androgen 11KT was supported. Thus, due to the lack of 11-ketosteroid reduction, zebrafish and other teleost fish exhibit a limited tissue-specific regulation of glucocorticoid action, and their androgen production pathway is characterized by sustained 11KT production. These findings are of particular significance when using zebrafish as a model to study endocrine functions, stress responses and effects of pharmaceuticals. << Less
J. Endocrinol. 232:323-335(2017) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 5 other entries.