Reaction participants Show >> << Hide
- Name help_outline 5,7-dihydroxy-4-methylphthalide Identifier CHEBI:68194 (CAS: 27979-57-3) help_outline Charge 0 Formula C9H8O4 InChIKeyhelp_outline GXYQICKPCCBIIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline CC1=C(O)C=C(O)C2=C1COC2=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate Identifier CHEBI:175763 Charge -3 Formula C15H25O7P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline VWFJDQUYCIWHTN-YFVJMOTDSA-K SMILEShelp_outline CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 177 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline 4-farnesyl-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methylphthalide Identifier CHEBI:167386 Charge 0 Formula C24H32O4 InChIKeyhelp_outline HKULYCOWDDIJCV-JTCWOHKRSA-N SMILEShelp_outline C=1(C(=C(C2=C(C1C)COC2=O)O)C/C=C(/CC/C=C(/CCC=C(C)C)\C)\C)O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline diphosphate Identifier CHEBI:33019 (Beilstein: 185088) help_outline Charge -3 Formula HO7P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-K SMILEShelp_outline OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,139 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:66676 | RHEA:66677 | RHEA:66678 | RHEA:66679 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
| UniProtKB help_outline |
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Publications
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Compartmentalized biosynthesis of mycophenolic acid.
Zhang W., Du L., Qu Z., Zhang X., Li F., Li Z., Qi F., Wang X., Jiang Y., Men P., Sun J., Cao S., Geng C., Qi F., Wan X., Liu C., Li S.
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) from filamentous fungi is the first natural product antibiotic to be isolated and crystallized, and a first-line immunosuppressive drug for organ transplantations and autoimmune diseases. However, some key biosynthetic mechanisms of such an old and important molecule have r ... >> More
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) from filamentous fungi is the first natural product antibiotic to be isolated and crystallized, and a first-line immunosuppressive drug for organ transplantations and autoimmune diseases. However, some key biosynthetic mechanisms of such an old and important molecule have remained unclear. Here, we elucidate the MPA biosynthetic pathway that features both compartmentalized enzymatic steps and unique cooperation between biosynthetic and β-oxidation catabolism machineries based on targeted gene inactivation, feeding experiments in heterologous expression hosts, enzyme functional characterization and kinetic analysis, and microscopic observation of protein subcellular localization. Besides identification of the oxygenase MpaB' as the long-sought key enzyme responsible for the oxidative cleavage of the farnesyl side chain, we reveal the intriguing pattern of compartmentalization for the MPA biosynthetic enzymes, including the cytosolic polyketide synthase MpaC' and <i>O</i>-methyltransferase MpaG', the Golgi apparatus-associated prenyltransferase MpaA', the endoplasmic reticulum-bound oxygenase MpaB' and P450-hydrolase fusion enzyme MpaDE', and the peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) hydrolase MpaH'. The whole pathway is elegantly comediated by these compartmentalized enzymes, together with the peroxisomal β-oxidation machinery. Beyond characterizing the remaining outstanding steps of the MPA biosynthetic steps, our study highlights the importance of considering subcellular contexts and the broader cellular metabolism in natural product biosynthesis. << Less
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 116:13305-13310(2019) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 12 other entries.