Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 2 proteins |
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- Name help_outline 2-acetyl-3,4a,8,10,11,12a-hexahydroxy-1,4,4a,5,12,12a-hexahydrotetracene-1,12-dione Identifier CHEBI:146218 Charge -1 Formula C20H15O9 InChIKeyhelp_outline QUQTYIYOYNVOJS-UHFFFAOYSA-M SMILEShelp_outline C=1(C2=C(C=C(C1)O)C=C3C(=C2O)C(C4(C(C3)(CC(=C(C4=O)C(C)=O)[O-])O)O)=O)O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline S-adenosyl-L-methionine Identifier CHEBI:59789 Charge 1 Formula C15H23N6O5S InChIKeyhelp_outline MEFKEPWMEQBLKI-AIRLBKTGSA-O SMILEShelp_outline C[S+](CC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O)C[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 904 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline TAN-1612 Identifier CHEBI:146217 Charge -1 Formula C21H17O9 InChIKeyhelp_outline CHBGBJNXHMNLOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M SMILEShelp_outline C=1(C2=C(C=C(C1)OC)C=C3C(=C2O)C(C4(C(C3)(CC(=C(C4=O)C(C)=O)[O-])O)O)=O)O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine Identifier CHEBI:57856 Charge 0 Formula C14H20N6O5S InChIKeyhelp_outline ZJUKTBDSGOFHSH-WFMPWKQPSA-N SMILEShelp_outline Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CSCC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 827 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,521 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:64100 | RHEA:64101 | RHEA:64102 | RHEA:64103 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
| UniProtKB help_outline |
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Publications
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Comparative characterization of fungal anthracenone and naphthacenedione biosynthetic pathways reveals an alpha-hydroxylation-dependent Claisen-like cyclization catalyzed by a dimanganese thioesterase.
Li Y., Chooi Y.H., Sheng Y., Valentine J.S., Tang Y.
The linear tetracyclic TAN-1612 (1) and BMS-192548 (2) were isolated from different filamentous fungal strains and have been examined as potential neuropeptide Y and neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists, respectively. Although the biosynthesis of fungal aromatic polyketides has attracted much interes ... >> More
The linear tetracyclic TAN-1612 (1) and BMS-192548 (2) were isolated from different filamentous fungal strains and have been examined as potential neuropeptide Y and neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists, respectively. Although the biosynthesis of fungal aromatic polyketides has attracted much interest in recent years, the biosynthetic mechanism for such naphthacenedione-containing products has not been established. Using a targeted genome mining approach, we first located the ada gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of 1 in Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015. The connection between 1 and the ada pathway was verified through overexpression of the Zn(2)Cys(6)-type pathway-specific transcriptional regulator AdaR and subsequent gene expression analysis. The enzymes encoded in the ada gene cluster share high sequence similarities to the known apt pathway linked to the biosynthesis of anthraquinone asperthecin 3. Subsequent comparative investigation of these two highly homologous gene clusters by heterologous pathway reconstitution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed a novel α-hydroxylation-dependent Claisen cyclization cascade, which involves a flavin-dependent monooxygenase that hydroxylates the α-carbon of an acyl carrier protein-bound polyketide and a bifunctional metallo-β-lactamase-type thioesterase (MβL-TE). The bifunctional MβL-TE catalyzes the fourth ring cyclization to afford the naphthacenedione scaffold upon α-hydroxylation, whereas it performs hydrolytic release of an anthracenone product in the absence of α-hydroxylation. Through in vitro biochemical characterizations and metal analyses, we verified that the apt MβL-TE is a dimanganese enzyme and requires both Mn(2+) cations for the observed activities. The MβL-TE is the first example of a thioesterase in polyketide biosynthesis that catalyzes the Claisen-like condensation without an α/β hydrolase fold and forms no covalent bond with the substrate. These mechanistic features should be general to the biosynthesis of tetracyclic naphthacenedione compounds in fungi. << Less
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133:15773-15785(2011) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 7 other entries.