Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 6 proteins |
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- Name help_outline prunetin Identifier CHEBI:147403 Charge -1 Formula C16H11O5 InChIKeyhelp_outline KQMVAGISDHMXJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M SMILEShelp_outline C12=C(C(C(C3=CC=C(O)C=C3)=CO1)=O)C(=CC(=C2)OC)[O-] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 3 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline UDP-α-D-glucuronate Identifier CHEBI:58052 Charge -3 Formula C15H19N2O18P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline HDYANYHVCAPMJV-LXQIFKJMSA-K SMILEShelp_outline O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)C([O-])=O)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O)n1ccc(=O)[nH]c1=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 107 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline prunetin-4'-O-β-D-glucuronide Identifier CHEBI:147404 Charge -1 Formula C22H19O11 InChIKeyhelp_outline HCIOHNLNMCOETA-SXFAUFNYSA-M SMILEShelp_outline C12=C(C(C(C3=CC=C(O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)C([O-])=O)O)O)O)C=C3)=CO1)=O)C(=CC(=C2)OC)O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline UDP Identifier CHEBI:58223 Charge -3 Formula C9H11N2O12P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline XCCTYIAWTASOJW-XVFCMESISA-K SMILEShelp_outline O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O)n1ccc(=O)[nH]c1=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 577 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:63588 | RHEA:63589 | RHEA:63590 | RHEA:63591 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
| UniProtKB help_outline |
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Related reactions help_outline
More general form(s) of this reaction
Publications
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Disposition of flavonoids via enteric recycling: enzyme stability affects characterization of prunetin glucuronidation across species, organs, and UGT isoforms.
Joseph T.B., Wang S.W., Liu X., Kulkarni K.H., Wang J., Xu H., Hu M.
We characterized the in vitro glucuronidation of prunetin, a prodrug of genistein that is a highly active cancer prevention agent. Metabolism studies were conducted using expressed human UGT isoforms and microsomes/S9 fractions prepared from intestine and liver of rodents and humans. The results i ... >> More
We characterized the in vitro glucuronidation of prunetin, a prodrug of genistein that is a highly active cancer prevention agent. Metabolism studies were conducted using expressed human UGT isoforms and microsomes/S9 fractions prepared from intestine and liver of rodents and humans. The results indicated that human intestinal microsomes were more efficient than liver microsomes in glucuronidating prunetin, but rates of metabolism were dependent on time of incubation at 37 degrees C. Human liver and intestinal microsomes mainly produced metabolite 1 (prunetin-5- O-glucuronide) and metabolite 2 (prunetin-4'-O-glucuronide), respectively. Using 12 human UGT isoforms, we showed that UGT1A7, UGT1A8, and UGT1A9 were mainly responsible for the formation of metabolite 1, whereas UGT1A1, UGT1A8, and UGT1A10 were mainly responsible for the formation of metabolite 2. This isoform-specific metabolism was consistent with earlier results obtained using human liver and intestinal microsomes, as the former (liver) is UGT1A9-rich whereas the latter is UGT1A10-rich. Surprisingly, we found that the thermostability of the microsomes was isoform- and organ-dependent. For example, human liver microsomal UGT activities were much more heat-stable (37 degrees C) than intestinal microsomal UGT activities, consistent with the finding that human UGT1A9 is much more thermostable than human UGT1A10 and UGT1A8. The organ-specific thermostability profiles were also evident in rat microsomes and mouse S9 fractions, even though human intestinal glucuronidation of prunetin differs significantly from rodent intestinal glucuronidation. In conclusion, prunetin glucuronidation is species-, organ-, and UGT-isoform-dependent, all of which may be impacted by the thermostability of specific UGT isoforms involved in the metabolism. << Less
Mol. Pharm. 4:883-894(2007) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 2 other entries.
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Structure and concentration changes affect characterization of UGT isoform-specific metabolism of isoflavones.
Tang L., Singh R., Liu Z., Hu M.
We characterized the isoform specific glucuronidation of six isoflavones, genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, biochanin A and prunetin, using 12 expressed human UGTs and human intestinal and liver microsomes. The results indicated that these isoflavones are metabolized most rapidly at th ... >> More
We characterized the isoform specific glucuronidation of six isoflavones, genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, biochanin A and prunetin, using 12 expressed human UGTs and human intestinal and liver microsomes. The results indicated that these isoflavones are metabolized most rapidly at three different concentrations by one of these four UGT isoforms: UGT1A1, UGT1A8, UGT1A9 and UGT1A10. Furthermore, glycitein was usually metabolized the fastest whereas prunetin the slowest. Using the rates of metabolism by 12 UGT isoforms as a means to establish the metabolic "fingerprint", we found that each isoflavone had distinctive concentration-dependent patterns. Determination of kinetic parameters of glucuronidation using genistein and prunetin indicated that the distinct concentration-dependent metabolic patterns were the result of differences in K(m) and V(max) values. We then measured how well metabolic "fingerprinting" predicted metabolism of these isoflavones by human intestinal and liver microsomes. We found that the prediction was rather successful for five isoflavones in the liver microsomes, but not successful in the intestinal microsomes. We propose that a newly discovered UGT3A1 isoform capable of metabolizing phenols and estrogens might be responsible for the metabolism of isoflavones such as formononetin in humans. In conclusion, the first systematic study of metabolic "fingerprinting" of six common isoflavones showed that each isoflavone has UGT isoform-specific metabolic patterns that are concentration-dependent and predictive of metabolism of the isoflavones in liver microsomes. << Less
Mol. Pharm. 6:1466-1482(2009) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 1 other entry.