Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 1 proteins |
| Enzyme class help_outline |
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- Name help_outline 7α,12α-dihydroxy-3-oxochol-24-oyl-CoA Identifier CHEBI:136700 Charge -4 Formula C45H68N7O20P3S InChIKeyhelp_outline DABYNUYNLLSQQV-QROUSYAVSA-J SMILEShelp_outline [C@@H]1(N2C3=C(C(=NC=N3)N)N=C2)O[C@H](COP(OP(OCC(C)([C@H](C(NCCC(NCCSC(=O)CC[C@@](C)([C@]4(CC[C@@]5([C@@]4([C@H](C[C@@]6([C@]7(CCC(C[C@]7(C[C@H]([C@@]56[H])O)[H])=O)C)[H])O)C)[H])[H])[H])=O)=O)O)C)(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-])[C@H]([C@H]1O)OP([O-])([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NAD+ Identifier CHEBI:57540 (Beilstein: 3868403) help_outline Charge -1 Formula C21H26N7O14P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-M SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)c1ccc[n+](c1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,186 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline 7α,12α-dihydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oyl-CoA Identifier CHEBI:132977 Charge -4 Formula C45H66N7O20P3S InChIKeyhelp_outline KJGXHAKCKWIECY-FMNMLSRDSA-J SMILEShelp_outline C(CC[C@]([C@@]1([C@]2([C@H](C[C@@]3([C@]4(CCC(C=C4C[C@H]([C@]3([C@@]2(CC1)[H])[H])O)=O)C)[H])O)C)[H])(C)[H])(=O)SCCNC(CCNC(=O)[C@@H](C(COP(OP(OC[C@H]5O[C@@H](N6C7=C(C(=NC=N7)N)N=C6)[C@@H]([C@@H]5OP([O-])([O-])=O)O)(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-])(C)C)O)=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,431 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NADH Identifier CHEBI:57945 (Beilstein: 3869564) help_outline Charge -2 Formula C21H27N7O14P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-L SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)C1=CN(C=CC1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,116 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:56664 | RHEA:56665 | RHEA:56666 | RHEA:56667 | |
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| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
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Publications
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A metabolic pathway for bile acid dehydroxylation by the gut microbiome.
Funabashi M., Grove T.L., Wang M., Varma Y., McFadden M.E., Brown L.C., Guo C., Higginbottom S., Almo S.C., Fischbach M.A.
The gut microbiota synthesize hundreds of molecules, many of which influence host physiology. Among the most abundant metabolites are the secondary bile acids deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA), which accumulate at concentrations of around 500 μM and are known to block the growth of ... >> More
The gut microbiota synthesize hundreds of molecules, many of which influence host physiology. Among the most abundant metabolites are the secondary bile acids deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA), which accumulate at concentrations of around 500 μM and are known to block the growth of Clostridium difficile<sup>1</sup>, promote hepatocellular carcinoma<sup>2</sup> and modulate host metabolism via the G-protein-coupled receptor TGR5 (ref. <sup>3</sup>). More broadly, DCA, LCA and their derivatives are major components of the recirculating pool of bile acids<sup>4</sup>; the size and composition of this pool are a target of therapies for primary biliary cholangitis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Nonetheless, despite the clear impact of DCA and LCA on host physiology, an incomplete knowledge of their biosynthetic genes and a lack of genetic tools to enable modification of their native microbial producers limit our ability to modulate secondary bile acid levels in the host. Here we complete the pathway to DCA and LCA by assigning and characterizing enzymes for each of the steps in its reductive arm, revealing a strategy in which the A-B rings of the steroid core are transiently converted into an electron acceptor for two reductive steps carried out by Fe-S flavoenzymes. Using anaerobic in vitro reconstitution, we establish that a set of six enzymes is necessary and sufficient for the eight-step conversion of cholic acid to DCA. We then engineer the pathway into Clostridium sporogenes, conferring production of DCA and LCA on a nonproducing commensal and demonstrating that a microbiome-derived pathway can be expressed and controlled heterologously. These data establish a complete pathway to two central components of the bile acid pool. << Less
Nature 582:566-570(2020) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 7 other entries.
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Clostridium scindens baiCD and baiH genes encode stereo-specific 7alpha/7beta-hydroxy-3-oxo-delta4-cholenoic acid oxidoreductases.
Kang D.J., Ridlon J.M., Moore D.R. II, Barnes S., Hylemon P.B.
Secondary bile acids, formed by intestinal bacteria, are suggested to play a significant role in cancers of the gastrointestinal tract in humans. Bile acid 7alpha/beta-dehydroxylation is carried out by a few species of intestinal clostridia which harbor a multi-gene bile acid inducible (bai) opero ... >> More
Secondary bile acids, formed by intestinal bacteria, are suggested to play a significant role in cancers of the gastrointestinal tract in humans. Bile acid 7alpha/beta-dehydroxylation is carried out by a few species of intestinal clostridia which harbor a multi-gene bile acid inducible (bai) operon. Several genes encoding enzymes in this pathway have been cloned and characterized. However, no gene product(s) has yet been assigned to the production of 3-oxo-Delta4-cholenoic acid intermediates of cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) or ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). We previously reported that the baiH gene encodes an NADH:flavin oxidoreductase (NADH:FOR); however, the role of this protein in bile acid 7-dehydroxylation is unclear. Homology searches and secondary structural alignments suggest this protein to be similar to flavoproteins which reduce alpha/beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The baiH gene product was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and discovered to be a stereo-specific NAD(H)-dependent 7beta-hydroxy-3-oxo-Delta4-cholenoic acid oxidoreductase. Additionally, high sequence similarity between the baiH and baiCD gene products suggests the baiCD gene may encode a 3-oxo-Delta4-cholenoic acid oxidoreductase specific for CDCA and CA. We tested this hypothesis using cell extracts prepared from E. coli overexpressing the baiCD gene and discovered that it encodes a stereo-specific NAD(H)-dependent 7alpha-hydroxy-3-oxo-Delta4-cholenoic acid oxidoreductase. << Less
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1781:16-25(2008) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 2 other entries.