Rhea - reaction knowledgebase

Enzymes

UniProtKB ^help_outline	1 proteins
Enzyme class ^help_outline	EC 1.14.14.74 albendazole monooxygenase (hydroxylating)

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Name ^help_outline albendazole Identifier CHEBI:16664 (Beilstein: 752696; CAS: 54965-21-8) ^help_outline Charge 0 Formula C12H15N3O2S InChIKey^help_outline HXHWSAZORRCQMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILES^help_outline CCCSc1ccc2[nH]c(NC(=O)OC)nc2c1 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 3 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Name ^help_outline O₂ Identifier CHEBI:15379 (CAS: 7782-44-7) ^help_outline Charge 0 Formula O2 InChIKey^help_outline MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILES^help_outline O=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2,709 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Name^help_outline reduced [NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] Identifier RHEA-COMP:11964 Reactive part ^help_outline
- Name ^help_outline FMNH₂ Identifier CHEBI:57618 (Beilstein: 6258176) ^help_outline Charge -2 Formula C17H21N4O9P InChIKey^help_outline YTNIXZGTHTVJBW-SCRDCRAPSA-L SMILES^help_outline Cc1cc2Nc3c([nH]c(=O)[nH]c3=O)N(C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)COP([O-])([O-])=O)c2cc1C 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 794 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Search links Involved in 734 reaction(s) Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Name ^help_outline H⁺ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKey^help_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILES^help_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,431 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Name ^help_outline H₂O Identifier CHEBI:15377 (Beilstein: 3587155; CAS: 7732-18-5) ^help_outline Charge 0 Formula H2O InChIKey^help_outline XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILES^help_outline [H]O[H] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 6,204 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Name ^help_outline hydroxyalbendazole Identifier CHEBI:140182 Charge 0 Formula C12H15N3O3S InChIKey^help_outline BPWSOQXIMDMJHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILES^help_outline C=12C=CC(=CC1N=C(N2)NC(OC)=O)SCCCO 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Name^help_outline oxidized [NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] Identifier RHEA-COMP:11965 Reactive part ^help_outline
- Name ^help_outline FMN Identifier CHEBI:58210 Charge -3 Formula C17H18N4O9P InChIKey^help_outline ANKZYBDXHMZBDK-SCRDCRAPSA-K SMILES^help_outline C12=NC([N-]C(C1=NC=3C(N2C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](COP(=O)([O-])[O-])O)O)O)=CC(=C(C3)C)C)=O)=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 804 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Search links Involved in 734 reaction(s) Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule

Cross-references

	RHEA:56288	RHEA:56289	RHEA:56290	RHEA:56291
Reaction direction	undefined	left-to-right	right-to-left	bidirectional
UniProtKB ^help_outline	1 proteins	1 proteins
EC numbers ^help_outline	1.14.14.74
KEGG ^help_outline				R12070
MetaCyc ^help_outline		RXN-19052

Publications

CYP2J2 and CYP2C19 are the major enzymes responsible for metabolism of albendazole and fenbendazole in human liver microsomes and recombinant P450 assay systems.

Wu Z., Lee D., Joo J., Shin J.H., Kang W., Oh S., Lee D.Y., Lee S.J., Yea S.S., Lee H.S., Lee T., Liu K.H.

Albendazole and fenbendazole are broad-spectrum anthelmintics that undergo extensive metabolism to form hydroxyl and sulfoxide metabolites. Although CYP3A and flavin-containing monooxygenase have been implicated in sulfoxide metabolite formation, the enzymes responsible for hydroxyl metabolite for ... >> More

Albendazole and fenbendazole are broad-spectrum anthelmintics that undergo extensive metabolism to form hydroxyl and sulfoxide metabolites. Although CYP3A and flavin-containing monooxygenase have been implicated in sulfoxide metabolite formation, the enzymes responsible for hydroxyl metabolite formation have not been identified. In this study, we used human liver microsomes and recombinant cytochrome P450s (P450s) to characterize the enzymes involved in the formation of hydroxyalbendazole and hydroxyfenbendazole from albendazole and fenbendazole, respectively. Of the 10 recombinant P450s, CYP2J2 and/or CYP2C19 was the predominant enzyme catalyzing the hydroxylation of albendazole and fenbendazole. Albendazole hydroxylation to hydroxyalbendazole is primarily mediated by CYP2J2 (0.34 μl/min/pmol P450, which is a rate 3.9- and 8.1-fold higher than the rates for CYP2C19 and CYP2E1, respectively), whereas CYP2C19 and CYP2J2 contributed to the formation of hydroxyfenbendazole from fenbendazole (2.68 and 1.94 μl/min/pmol P450 for CYP2C19 and CYP2J2, respectively, which are rates 11.7- and 8.4-fold higher than the rate for CYP2D6). Correlation analysis between the known P450 enzyme activities and the rate of hydroxyalbendazole and hydroxyfenbendazole formation in samples from 14 human liver microsomes showed that albendazole hydroxylation correlates with CYP2J2 activity and fenbendazole hydroxylation correlates with CYP2C19 and CYP2J2 activities. These findings were supported by a P450 isoform-selective inhibition study in human liver microsomes. In conclusion, our data for the first time suggest that albendazole hydroxylation is primarily catalyzed by CYP2J2, whereas fenbendazole hydroxylation is preferentially catalyzed by CYP2C19 and CYP2J2. The present data will be useful in understanding the pharmacokinetics and drug interactions of albendazole and fenbendazole in vivo. << Less

Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 57:5448-5456(2013) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]

This publication is cited by 3 other entries.

RHEA:56288 albendazole + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = H(+) + H2O + hydroxyalbendazole + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]

Enzymes

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Cross-references

Publications

CYP2J2 and CYP2C19 are the major enzymes responsible for metabolism of albendazole and fenbendazole in human liver microsomes and recombinant P450 assay systems.