Reaction participants Show >> << Hide
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Namehelp_outline
adenosine34 in tRNA
Identifier
RHEA-COMP:10373
Reactive part
help_outline
- Name help_outline AMP residue Identifier CHEBI:74411 Charge -1 Formula C10H11N5O6P Positionhelp_outline 34 SMILEShelp_outline NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2[C@@H]3O[C@H](COP(=O)(*)[O-])[C@@H](O*)[C@H]3O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 40 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,431 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H2O Identifier CHEBI:15377 (Beilstein: 3587155; CAS: 7732-18-5) help_outline Charge 0 Formula H2O InChIKeyhelp_outline XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H]O[H] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 6,204 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
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Namehelp_outline
inosine34 in tRNA
Identifier
RHEA-COMP:10374
Reactive part
help_outline
- Name help_outline IMP residue Identifier CHEBI:82852 Charge -1 Formula C10H10N4O7P Positionhelp_outline 34 SMILEShelp_outline O[C@@H]1[C@H](O-*)[C@@H](COP([O-])(-*)=O)O[C@H]1N1C=NC2C1=NC=NC2=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 3 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NH4+ Identifier CHEBI:28938 (CAS: 14798-03-9) help_outline Charge 1 Formula H4N InChIKeyhelp_outline QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O SMILEShelp_outline [H][N+]([H])([H])[H] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 528 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
RHEA:43168 | RHEA:43169 | RHEA:43170 | RHEA:43171 | |
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Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
UniProtKB help_outline |
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MetaCyc help_outline |
Publications
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A single zinc ion is sufficient for an active Trypanosoma brucei tRNA editing deaminase.
Spears J.L., Rubio M.A., Gaston K.W., Wywial E., Strikoudis A., Bujnicki J.M., Papavasiliou F.N., Alfonzo J.D.
Editing of adenosine (A) to inosine (I) at the first anticodon position in tRNA is catalyzed by adenosine deaminases acting on tRNA (ADATs). This essential reaction in bacteria and eukarya permits a single tRNA to decode multiple codons. Bacterial ADATa is a homodimer with two bound essential Zn(2 ... >> More
Editing of adenosine (A) to inosine (I) at the first anticodon position in tRNA is catalyzed by adenosine deaminases acting on tRNA (ADATs). This essential reaction in bacteria and eukarya permits a single tRNA to decode multiple codons. Bacterial ADATa is a homodimer with two bound essential Zn(2+). The ADATa crystal structure revealed residues important for substrate binding and catalysis; however, such high resolution structural information is not available for eukaryotic tRNA deaminases. Despite significant sequence similarity among deaminases, we continue to uncover unexpected functional differences between Trypanosoma brucei ADAT2/3 (TbADAT2/3) and its bacterial counterpart. Previously, we demonstrated that TbADAT2/3 is unique in catalyzing two different deamination reactions. Here we show by kinetic analyses and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry that wild type TbADAT2/3 coordinates two Zn(2+) per heterodimer, but unlike any other tRNA deaminase, mutation of one of the key Zn(2+)-coordinating cysteines in TbADAT2 yields a functional enzyme with a single-bound zinc. These data suggest that, at least, TbADAT3 may play a role in catalysis via direct coordination of the catalytic Zn(2+). These observations raise the possibility of an unusual Zn(2+) coordination interface with important implications for the function and evolution of editing deaminases. << Less
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Arabidopsis tRNA adenosine deaminase arginine edits the wobble nucleotide of chloroplast tRNAArg(ACG) and is essential for efficient chloroplast translation.
Delannoy E., Le Ret M., Faivre-Nitschke E., Estavillo G.M., Bergdoll M., Taylor N.L., Pogson B.J., Small I., Imbault P., Gualberto J.M.
RNA editing changes the coding/decoding information relayed by transcripts via nucleotide insertion, deletion, or conversion. Editing of tRNA anticodons by deamination of adenine to inosine is used both by eukaryotes and prokaryotes to expand the decoding capacity of individual tRNAs. This limits ... >> More
RNA editing changes the coding/decoding information relayed by transcripts via nucleotide insertion, deletion, or conversion. Editing of tRNA anticodons by deamination of adenine to inosine is used both by eukaryotes and prokaryotes to expand the decoding capacity of individual tRNAs. This limits the number of tRNA species required for codon-anticodon recognition. We have identified the Arabidopsis thaliana gene that codes for tRNA adenosine deaminase arginine (TADA), a chloroplast tRNA editing protein specifically required for deamination of chloroplast (cp)-tRNAArg(ACG) to cp-tRNAArg(ICG). Land plant TADAs have a C-terminal domain similar in sequence and predicted structure to prokaryotic tRNA deaminases and also have very long N-terminal extensions of unknown origin and function. Biochemical and mutant complementation studies showed that the C-terminal domain is sufficient for cognate tRNA deamination both in vitro and in planta. Disruption of TADA has profound effects on chloroplast translation efficiency, leading to reduced yields of chloroplast-encoded proteins and impaired photosynthetic function. By contrast, chloroplast transcripts accumulate to levels significantly above those of wild-type plants. Nevertheless, absence of cp-tRNAArg(ICG) is compatible with plant survival, implying that two out of three CGN codon recognition occurs in chloroplasts, though this mechanism is less efficient than wobble pairing. << Less
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Crystal structure of tRNA adenosine deaminase (TadA) from Aquifex aeolicus.
Kuratani M., Ishii R., Bessho Y., Fukunaga R., Sengoku T., Shirouzu M., Sekine S., Yokoyama S.
The bacterial tRNA adenosine deaminase (TadA) generates inosine by deaminating the adenosine residue at the wobble position of tRNA(Arg-2). This modification is essential for the decoding system. In this study, we determined the crystal structure of Aquifex aeolicus TadA at a 1.8-A resolution. Thi ... >> More
The bacterial tRNA adenosine deaminase (TadA) generates inosine by deaminating the adenosine residue at the wobble position of tRNA(Arg-2). This modification is essential for the decoding system. In this study, we determined the crystal structure of Aquifex aeolicus TadA at a 1.8-A resolution. This is the first structure of a deaminase acting on tRNA. A. aeolicus TadA has an alpha/beta/alpha three-layered fold and forms a homodimer. The A. aeolicus TadA dimeric structure is completely different from the tetrameric structure of yeast CDD1, which deaminates mRNA and cytidine, but is similar to the dimeric structure of yeast cytosine deaminase. However, in the A. aeolicus TadA structure, the shapes of the C-terminal helix and the regions between the beta4 and beta5 strands are quite distinct from those of yeast cytosine deaminase and a large cavity is produced. This cavity contains many conserved amino acid residues that are likely to be involved in either catalysis or tRNA binding. We made a docking model of TadA with the tRNA anticodon stem loop. << Less