Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 4 proteins |
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- Name help_outline hexadecasphinganine Identifier CHEBI:71009 Charge 1 Formula C16H36NO2 InChIKeyhelp_outline ZKLREJQHRKUJHD-JKSUJKDBSA-O SMILEShelp_outline CCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([NH3+])CO 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 4 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline hexadecanoyl-CoA Identifier CHEBI:57379 Charge -4 Formula C37H62N7O17P3S InChIKeyhelp_outline MNBKLUUYKPBKDU-BBECNAHFSA-J SMILEShelp_outline [C@@H]1(N2C3=C(C(=NC=N3)N)N=C2)O[C@H](COP(OP(OCC(C)([C@H](C(NCCC(NCCSC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O)=O)=O)O)C)(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-])[C@H]([C@H]1O)OP([O-])([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 110 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline N-hexadecanoylhexadecasphinganine Identifier CHEBI:82810 (CAS: 190381-46-5) help_outline Charge 0 Formula C32H65NO3 InChIKeyhelp_outline GFUGOEQVSHGJMI-IOWSJCHKSA-N SMILEShelp_outline CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline CoA Identifier CHEBI:57287 (Beilstein: 11604429) help_outline Charge -4 Formula C21H32N7O16P3S InChIKeyhelp_outline RGJOEKWQDUBAIZ-IBOSZNHHSA-J SMILEShelp_outline CC(C)(COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP([O-])([O-])=O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCS 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,511 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,521 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:43040 | RHEA:43041 | RHEA:43042 | RHEA:43043 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
| UniProtKB help_outline |
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Related reactions help_outline
More general form(s) of this reaction
Publications
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Myristate-derived d16:0 sphingolipids constitute a cardiac sphingolipid pool with distinct synthetic routes and functional properties.
Russo S.B., Tidhar R., Futerman A.H., Cowart L.A.
<h4>Background</h4>Myristate is a novel potential substrate for sphingoid base synthesis.<h4>Results</h4>Myocardial sphingoid base synthesis utilizes myristate; these sphingolipids are functionally non-redundant with canonical sphingoid bases.<h4>Conclusion</h4>d16:0 and d16:1 sphingolipids consti ... >> More
<h4>Background</h4>Myristate is a novel potential substrate for sphingoid base synthesis.<h4>Results</h4>Myocardial sphingoid base synthesis utilizes myristate; these sphingolipids are functionally non-redundant with canonical sphingoid bases.<h4>Conclusion</h4>d16:0 and d16:1 sphingolipids constitute an appreciable proportion of cardiac dihydrosphingosine and dihydroceramide, with distinct biological roles.<h4>Significance</h4>This pool of sphingolipids may play a heretofore unsuspected role in myocardial pathology or protection. The enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the formation of the sphingoid base "backbone" from which all sphingolipids are derived. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of SPT ameliorates pathological cardiac outcomes in models of lipid overload, but the metabolites responsible for these phenotypes remain unidentified. Recent in vitro studies have shown that incorporation of the novel subunit SPTLC3 broadens the substrate specificity of SPT, allowing utilization of myristoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) in addition to its canonical substrate palmitoyl-CoA. However, the relevance of these findings in vivo has yet to be determined. The present study sought to determine whether myristate-derived d16 sphingolipids are represented among myocardial sphingolipids and, if so, whether their function and metabolic routes were distinct from those of palmitate-derived d18 sphingolipids. Data showed that d16:0 sphingoid bases occurred in more than one-third of total dihydrosphingosine and dihydroceramides in myocardium, and a diet high in saturated fat promoted their de novo production. Intriguingly, d16-ceramides demonstrated highly limited N-acyl chain diversity, and in vitro enzyme activity assays showed that these bases were utilized preferentially to canonical bases by CerS1. Functional differences between myristate- and palmitate-derived sphingolipids were observed in that, unlike d18 sphingolipids and SPTLC2, d16 sphingolipids and SPTLC3 did not appear to contribute to myristate-induced autophagy, whereas only d16 sphingolipids promoted cell death and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in cardiomyocytes. Thus, these results reveal a previously unappreciated component of cardiac sphingolipids with functional differences from canonical sphingolipids. << Less
J. Biol. Chem. 288:13397-13409(2013) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 2 other entries.