Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 3 proteins |
| Enzyme class help_outline |
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Reaction participants Show >> << Hide
- Name help_outline (2S)-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA Identifier CHEBI:88166 Charge -4 Formula C26H40N7O17P3S InChIKeyhelp_outline LYNVNYDEQMMNMZ-JRQZLUQRSA-J SMILEShelp_outline [C@@H]1(N2C3=C(C(=NC=N3)N)N=C2)O[C@H](COP(OP(OCC([C@H](C(NCCC(NCCSC([C@H](CC)C)=O)=O)=O)O)(C)C)(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-])[C@H]([C@H]1O)OP([O-])([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
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Namehelp_outline
malonyl-[ACP]
Identifier
RHEA-COMP:9623
Reactive part
help_outline
- Name help_outline O-(S-malonylpantetheine-4ʼ-phosphoryl)-L-serine residue Identifier CHEBI:78449 Charge -2 Formula C17H26N3O11PS SMILEShelp_outline CC(C)(COP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H](N-*)C(-*)=O)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCSC(=O)CC([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 37 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,521 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
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Namehelp_outline
(4S)-4-methyl-3-oxohexanoyl-[ACP]
Identifier
RHEA-COMP:17148
Reactive part
help_outline
- Name help_outline O{S-[(4S)-4-methyl-3-oxohexanoyl]pantetheine-4'-phosphoryl}serine residue Identifier CHEBI:167462 Charge -1 Formula C21H35N3O10PS SMILEShelp_outline C(NC(CCNC(=O)[C@@H](C(COP(OC[C@@H](C(*)=O)N*)(=O)[O-])(C)C)O)=O)CSC(CC([C@H](CC)C)=O)=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline CO2 Identifier CHEBI:16526 (CAS: 124-38-9) help_outline Charge 0 Formula CO2 InChIKeyhelp_outline CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline O=C=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,006 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline CoA Identifier CHEBI:57287 (Beilstein: 11604429) help_outline Charge -4 Formula C21H32N7O16P3S InChIKeyhelp_outline RGJOEKWQDUBAIZ-IBOSZNHHSA-J SMILEShelp_outline CC(C)(COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP([O-])([O-])=O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCS 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,511 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:42276 | RHEA:42277 | RHEA:42278 | RHEA:42279 | |
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| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
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| EC numbers help_outline | ||||
| MetaCyc help_outline |
Related reactions help_outline
More general form(s) of this reaction
Publications
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Characterization of beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III from Streptomyces glaucescens and its role in initiation of fatty acid biosynthesis.
Han L., Lobo S., Reynolds K.A.
The Streptomyces glaucescens fabH gene, encoding beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (beta-ketoacyl-ACP) synthase (KAS) III (FabH), was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the resulting gene product was purified to homogeneity by metal chelate chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamid ... >> More
The Streptomyces glaucescens fabH gene, encoding beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (beta-ketoacyl-ACP) synthase (KAS) III (FabH), was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the resulting gene product was purified to homogeneity by metal chelate chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of the purified protein revealed an Mr of 37,000, while gel filtration analysis determined a native Mr of 72,000 +/- 3,000 (mean +/-standard deviation), indicating that the enzyme is homodimeric. The purified recombinant protein demonstrated both KAS activity and acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA):ACP transacylase (ACAT) activity in a 1:0.12 ratio. The KAS and ACAT activities were both sensitive to thiolactomycin inhibition. The KAS activity of the protein demonstrated a Km value of 3.66 microM for the malonyl-ACP substrate and an unusual broad specificity for acyl-CoA substrates, with Km values of 2.4 microM for acetyl-CoA, 0.71 microM for butyryl-CoA, and 0.41 microM for isobutyryl-CoA. These data suggest that the S. glaucescens FabH is responsible for initiating both straight- and branched-chain fatty acid biosynthesis in Streptomyces and that the ratio of the various fatty acids produced by this organism will be dictated by the ratios of the various acyl-CoA substrates that can react with FabH. Results from a series of in vivo directed biosynthetic experiments in which the ratio of these acyl-CoA substrates was varied are consistent with this hypothesis. An additional set of in vivo experiments using thiolactomycin provides support for the role of FabH and further suggests that a FabH-independent pathway for straight-chain fatty acid biosynthesis operates in S. glaucescens. << Less
J. Bacteriol. 180:4481-4486(1998) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 1 other entry.
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Beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (FabH) is a determining factor in branched-chain fatty acid biosynthesis.
Choi K.-H., Heath R.J., Rock C.O.
A universal set of genes encodes the components of the dissociated, type II, fatty acid synthase system that is responsible for producing the multitude of fatty acid structures found in bacterial membranes. We examined the biochemical basis for the production of branched-chain fatty acids by gram- ... >> More
A universal set of genes encodes the components of the dissociated, type II, fatty acid synthase system that is responsible for producing the multitude of fatty acid structures found in bacterial membranes. We examined the biochemical basis for the production of branched-chain fatty acids by gram-positive bacteria. Two genes that were predicted to encode homologs of the beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III of Escherichia coli (eFabH) were identified in the Bacillus subtilis genome. Their protein products were expressed, purified, and biochemically characterized. Both B. subtilis FabH homologs, bFabH1 and bFabH2, carried out the initial condensation reaction of fatty acid biosynthesis with acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) as a primer, although they possessed lower specific activities than eFabH. bFabH1 and bFabH2 also utilized iso- and anteiso-branched-chain acyl-CoA primers as substrates. eFabH was not able to accept these CoA thioesters. Reconstitution of a complete round of fatty acid synthesis in vitro with purified E. coli proteins showed that eFabH was the only E. coli enzyme incapable of using branched-chain substrates. Expression of either bFabH1 or bFabH2 in E. coli resulted in the appearance of a branched-chain 17-carbon fatty acid. Thus, the substrate specificity of FabH is an important determinant of branched-chain fatty acid production. << Less
J. Bacteriol. 182:365-370(2000) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 22 other entries.
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FabH selectivity for anteiso branched-chain fatty acid precursors in low-temperature adaptation in Listeria monocytogenes.
Singh A.K., Zhang Y.M., Zhu K., Subramanian C., Li Z., Jayaswal R.K., Gatto C., Rock C.O., Wilkinson B.J.
Gram-positive bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes, adjust membrane fluidity by shortening the fatty acid chain length and increasing the proportional production of anteiso fatty acids at lower growth temperatures. The first condensation reaction in fatty acid biosynthesis is carried out by ... >> More
Gram-positive bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes, adjust membrane fluidity by shortening the fatty acid chain length and increasing the proportional production of anteiso fatty acids at lower growth temperatures. The first condensation reaction in fatty acid biosynthesis is carried out by beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (FabH), which determines the type of fatty acid produced in bacteria. Here, we measured the initial rates of FabH-catalyzed condensation of malonyl-acyl carrier protein and alternate branched-chain precursor acyl-CoAs utilizing affinity-purified His-tagged L. monocytogenes FabH heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. Listeria monocytogenes FabH showed a preference for 2-methylbutyryl-CoA, the precursor of odd-numbered anteiso fatty acids, at 30 degrees C, which was further increased at a low temperature (10 degrees C), suggesting that temperature-dependent substrate selectivity of FabH underlies the increased formation of anteiso branched-chain fatty acids during low-temperature adaptation. The increased FabH preferential condensation of 2-methylbutyryl-CoA could not be attributed to a significantly higher availability of this fatty acid precursor as acyl-CoA pool levels were reduced similarly for all fatty acid precursors at low temperatures. << Less
FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 301:188-192(2009) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 2 other entries.