Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 1 proteins |
| Enzyme class help_outline |
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- Name help_outline (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine Identifier CHEBI:75204 Charge 0 Formula C8H9NO4 InChIKeyhelp_outline HOOWCUZPEFNHDT-ZETCQYMHSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [NH3+][C@H](C([O-])=O)c1cc(O)cc(O)c1 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline 2-oxoglutarate Identifier CHEBI:16810 (Beilstein: 3664503; CAS: 64-15-3) help_outline Charge -2 Formula C5H4O5 InChIKeyhelp_outline KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-L SMILEShelp_outline [O-]C(=O)CCC(=O)C([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 425 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline 2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoacetate Identifier CHEBI:75210 Charge -1 Formula C8H5O5 InChIKeyhelp_outline IXVSXZQERGYQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-M SMILEShelp_outline Oc1cc(O)cc(c1)C(=O)C([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline L-glutamate Identifier CHEBI:29985 (CAS: 11070-68-1) help_outline Charge -1 Formula C5H8NO4 InChIKeyhelp_outline WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-M SMILEShelp_outline [NH3+][C@@H](CCC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 244 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:38347 | RHEA:38348 | RHEA:38349 | RHEA:38350 | |
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| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
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Publications
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Biosynthesis of L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine, a non-proteinogenic amino acid constituent of peptide antibiotics.
Hubbard B.K., Thomas M.G., Walsh C.T.
<h4>Background</h4>The non-proteinogenic amino acid p-hydroxyphenylglycine is a crucial component of certain peptidic natural products synthesized by a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase mechanism. In particular, for the vancomycin group of antibiotics p-hydroxyphenylglycine plays a structural role ... >> More
<h4>Background</h4>The non-proteinogenic amino acid p-hydroxyphenylglycine is a crucial component of certain peptidic natural products synthesized by a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase mechanism. In particular, for the vancomycin group of antibiotics p-hydroxyphenylglycine plays a structural role in formation of the rigid conformation of the central heptapeptide aglycone in addition to being the site of glycosylation. Initial labeling studies suggested tyrosine was a precursor of p-hydroxyphenylglycine but the specific steps in p-hydroxyphenylglycine biosynthesis remained unknown. Recently, the sequencing of the chloroeremomycin gene cluster from Amycolatopsis orientalis gave new insights into the biosynthetic pathway and allowed for the prediction of a four enzyme pathway leading to L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine from the common metabolite prephenate.<h4>Results</h4>We have characterized three of the four proposed enzymes of the L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine biosynthetic pathway. The three enzymes are encoded by open reading frames (ORFs) 21, 22 and 17 (ORF21: [PCZA361.1, O52791, CAA11761]; ORF22: [PCZA361. 2, O52792, CAA11762]; ORF17: [PCZA361.25, O52815, CAA11790]), of the chloroeremomycin biosynthetic gene cluster and we show they have p-hydroxymandelate synthase, p-hydroxymandelate oxidase and L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine transaminase activities, respectively.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine biosynthetic pathway shown here is proposed to be the paradigm for how this non-proteinogenic amino acid is synthesized by microorganisms incorporating it into peptidic natural products. This conclusion is supported by the finding of homologs for the four L-p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate biosynthetic enzymes in four organisms known to synthesize peptidic natural products that contain p-hydroxyphenylglycine. Three of the enzymes are proposed to function in a cyclic manner in vivo with L-tyrosine being both the amino donor for L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine and a source of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway. << Less
Chem. Biol. 7:931-942(2000) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 2 other entries.
Comments
Published in: "Biosynthesis of the di-meta-hydroxyphenylglycine constituent of the vancomycin-group antibiotic chloroeremomycin." Sandercock, A.M., Charles, E.H., Scaife, W., Kirkpatrick, P.N., O'Brien, S.W., Papageorgiou, E.A., Spencer, J.B. and Williams, D.H. Chem. Comm. (2001) 1252-1253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/B103668H