Enzymes
UniProtKB help_outline | 1,500 proteins |
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- Name help_outline FMNH2 Identifier CHEBI:57618 (Beilstein: 6258176) help_outline Charge -2 Formula C17H21N4O9P InChIKeyhelp_outline YTNIXZGTHTVJBW-SCRDCRAPSA-L SMILEShelp_outline Cc1cc2Nc3c([nH]c(=O)[nH]c3=O)N(C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)COP([O-])([O-])=O)c2cc1C 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 779 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NADH Identifier CHEBI:57945 (Beilstein: 3869564) help_outline Charge -2 Formula C21H27N7O14P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-L SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)C1=CN(C=CC1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,102 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline O2 Identifier CHEBI:15379 (CAS: 7782-44-7) help_outline Charge 0 Formula O2 InChIKeyhelp_outline MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline O=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2,675 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline thymine Identifier CHEBI:17821 (Beilstein: 607626; CAS: 65-71-4) help_outline Charge 0 Formula C5H6N2O2 InChIKeyhelp_outline RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline Cc1c[nH]c(=O)[nH]c1=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 11 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline (Z)-2-methylureidoacrylate Identifier CHEBI:143783 Charge -1 Formula C5H7N2O3 InChIKeyhelp_outline XHTOIFCGKIBYRK-IHWYPQMZSA-M SMILEShelp_outline N(C(N)=O)/C=C(\C([O-])=O)/C 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 4 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline FMN Identifier CHEBI:58210 Charge -3 Formula C17H18N4O9P InChIKeyhelp_outline ANKZYBDXHMZBDK-SCRDCRAPSA-K SMILEShelp_outline C12=NC([N-]C(C1=NC=3C(N2C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](COP(=O)([O-])[O-])O)O)O)=CC(=C(C3)C)C)=O)=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 789 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,331 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H2O Identifier CHEBI:15377 (Beilstein: 3587155; CAS: 7732-18-5) help_outline Charge 0 Formula H2O InChIKeyhelp_outline XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H]O[H] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 6,148 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NAD+ Identifier CHEBI:57540 (Beilstein: 3868403) help_outline Charge -1 Formula C21H26N7O14P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-M SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)c1ccc[n+](c1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,171 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
RHEA:31599 | RHEA:31600 | RHEA:31601 | RHEA:31602 | |
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Publications
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Flavin-N5-oxide: A new, catalytic motif in flavoenzymology.
Adak S., Begley T.P.
Flavin-N5-oxide is a recently discovered intermediate used by EncM (1,3-diketone oxidation), DszA (sulfone monooxygenase) and RutA (amide monooxygenase). This review describes the mechanism of these enzymes and proposes criteria for the identification of additional Flavin-N5-oxide dependent enzyme ... >> More
Flavin-N5-oxide is a recently discovered intermediate used by EncM (1,3-diketone oxidation), DszA (sulfone monooxygenase) and RutA (amide monooxygenase). This review describes the mechanism of these enzymes and proposes criteria for the identification of additional Flavin-N5-oxide dependent enzymes. << Less
Arch Biochem Biophys 632:4-10(2017) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 6 other entries.
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The Rut pathway for pyrimidine degradation: novel chemistry and toxicity problems.
Kim K.S., Pelton J.G., Inwood W.B., Andersen U., Kustu S., Wemmer D.E.
The Rut pathway is composed of seven proteins, all of which are required by Escherichia coli K-12 to grow on uracil as the sole nitrogen source. The RutA and RutB proteins are central: no spontaneous suppressors arise in strains lacking them. RutA works in conjunction with a flavin reductase (RutF ... >> More
The Rut pathway is composed of seven proteins, all of which are required by Escherichia coli K-12 to grow on uracil as the sole nitrogen source. The RutA and RutB proteins are central: no spontaneous suppressors arise in strains lacking them. RutA works in conjunction with a flavin reductase (RutF or a substitute) to catalyze a novel reaction. It directly cleaves the uracil ring between N-3 and C-4 to yield ureidoacrylate, as established by both nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Although ureidoacrylate appears to arise by hydrolysis, the requirements for the reaction and the incorporation of (18)O at C-4 from molecular oxygen indicate otherwise. Mass spectrometry revealed the presence of a small amount of product with the mass of ureidoacrylate peracid in reaction mixtures, and we infer that this is the direct product of RutA. In vitro RutB cleaves ureidoacrylate hydrolytically to release 2 mol of ammonium, malonic semialdehyde, and carbon dioxide. Presumably the direct products are aminoacrylate and carbamate, both of which hydrolyze spontaneously. Together with bioinformatic predictions and published crystal structures, genetic and physiological studies allow us to predict functions for RutC, -D, and -E. In vivo we postulate that RutB hydrolyzes the peracid of ureidoacrylate to yield the peracid of aminoacrylate. We speculate that RutC reduces aminoacrylate peracid to aminoacrylate and RutD increases the rate of spontaneous hydrolysis of aminoacrylate. The function of RutE appears to be the same as that of YdfG, which reduces malonic semialdehyde to 3-hydroxypropionic acid. RutG appears to be a uracil transporter. << Less
J. Bacteriol. 192:4089-4102(2010) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 11 other entries.
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RutA-Catalyzed Oxidative Cleavage of the Uracil Amide Involves Formation of a Flavin-N5-oxide.
Adak S., Begley T.P.
RutA is a novel flavoenzyme on the uracil catabolic pathway that catalyzes uracil ring opening by a unique amide oxidation reaction. Here we provide evidence that this reaction also involves the formation of a flavin-N5-oxide.
Biochemistry 56:3708-3709(2017) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 3 other entries.
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Catalysis of a flavoenzyme-mediated amide hydrolysis.
Mukherjee T., Zhang Y., Abdelwahed S., Ealick S.E., Begley T.P.
A new pyrimidine catabolic pathway (the Rut pathway) was recently discovered in Escherichia coli K12. In this pathway, uracil is converted to 3-hydroxypropionate, ammonia, and carbon dioxide. The seven-gene Rut operon is required for this conversion. Here we demonstrate that the flavoenzyme RutA c ... >> More
A new pyrimidine catabolic pathway (the Rut pathway) was recently discovered in Escherichia coli K12. In this pathway, uracil is converted to 3-hydroxypropionate, ammonia, and carbon dioxide. The seven-gene Rut operon is required for this conversion. Here we demonstrate that the flavoenzyme RutA catalyzes the initial uracil ring-opening reaction to give 3-ureidoacrylate. This reaction, while formally a hydrolysis reaction, proceeds by an oxidative mechanism initiated by the addition of a flavin hydroperoxide to the C4 carbonyl. While peroxide-catalyzed amide hydrolysis has chemical precedent, we are not aware of a prior example of analogous chemistry catalyzed by flavin hydroperoxides. This study further illustrates the extraordinary catalytic versatility of the flavin cofactor. << Less
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132:5550-5551(2010) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 4 other entries.
Comments
Multi-step reaction: RHEA:67852 + RHEA:62364 + RHEA:19761