Publications

• In vitro evidence for the dual function of Alg2 and Alg11: essential mannosyltransferases in N-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis.

  O'Reilly M.K., Zhang G., Imperiali B.

  The biosynthesis of asparagine-linked glycoproteins utilizes a dolichylpyrophosphate-linked glycosyl donor (Dol-PP-GlcNAc(2)Man(9)Glc(3)), which is assembled by the series of membrane-bound glycosyltransferases that comprise the dolichol pathway. This biosynthetic pathway is highly conserved throu ... >> More

  The biosynthesis of asparagine-linked glycoproteins utilizes a dolichylpyrophosphate-linked glycosyl donor (Dol-PP-GlcNAc(2)Man(9)Glc(3)), which is assembled by the series of membrane-bound glycosyltransferases that comprise the dolichol pathway. This biosynthetic pathway is highly conserved throughout eukaryotic evolution. While complementary genetic and bioinformatic approaches have enabled identification of most of the dolichol pathway enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the roles of two of the mannosyltransferases in the pathway, Alg2 and Alg11, have remained ambiguous because these enzymes appear to catalyze only two of the remaining four unannotated transformations. To address this issue, a biochemical approach was taken using recombinant Alg2 and Alg11 from S. cerevisiae and defined dolichylpyrophosphate-linked substrates. A cell-membrane fraction isolated from Escherichia coli overexpressing thioredoxin-tagged Alg2 was used to demonstrate that this enzyme actually carries out an alpha1,3-mannosylation, followed by an alpha1,6-mannosylation, to form the first branched pentasaccharide intermediate of the pathway. Then, using thioredoxin-tagged Alg2 for the chemoenzymatic synthesis of the dolichylpyrophosphate pentasaccharide, it was thus possible to define the biochemical function of Alg11, which is to catalyze the next two sequential alpha1,2-mannosylations. The elucidation of the dual function of each of these enzymes thus completes the identification of the entire ensemble of glycosyltransferases that comprise the dolichol pathway. << Less

  Biochemistry 45:9593-9603(2006) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]

  This publication is cited by 2 other entries.

• Biochemical characterization and membrane topology of Alg2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a bifunctional alpha1,3- and 1,6-mannosyltransferase involved in lipid-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis.

  Kampf M., Absmanner B., Schwarz M., Lehle L.

  N-Linked glycosylation involves the ordered, stepwise synthesis of the unique lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor Glc(3)Man(9) GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), catalyzed by a series of glycosyltransferases. Here we characterize Alg2 as a bifunctional enzyme that is required f ... >> More

  N-Linked glycosylation involves the ordered, stepwise synthesis of the unique lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor Glc(3)Man(9) GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), catalyzed by a series of glycosyltransferases. Here we characterize Alg2 as a bifunctional enzyme that is required for both the transfer of the alpha1,3- and the alpha1,6-mannose-linked residue from GDP-mannose to Man(1)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol forming the Man(3)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol intermediate on the cytosolic side of the ER. Alg2 has a calculated mass of 58 kDa and is predicted to contain four transmembrane-spanning helices, two at the N terminus and two at the C terminus. Contradictory to topology predictions, we prove that only the two N-terminal domains fulfill this criterion, whereas the C-terminal hydrophobic sequences contribute to ER localization in a nontransmembrane manner. Surprisingly, none of the four domains is essential for transferase activity because truncated Alg2 variants can exert their function as long as Alg2 is associated with the ER by either its N- or C-terminal hydrophobic regions. By site-directed mutagenesis we demonstrate that an EX(7)E motif, conserved in a variety of glycosyltransferases, is not important for Alg2 function in vivo and in vitro. Instead, we identify a conserved lysine residue, Lys(230), as being essential for activity, which could be involved in the binding of the phosphate of the glycosyl donor. << Less

  J Biol Chem 284:11900-11912(2009) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]

  This publication is cited by 1 other entry.

• Topological and enzymatic analysis of human Alg2 mannosyltransferase reveals its role in lipid-linked oligosaccharide biosynthetic pathway.

  Xiang M.H., Xu X.X., Wang C.D., Chen S., Xu S., Xu X.Y., Dean N., Wang N., Gao X.D.

  N-glycosylation starts with the biosynthesis of lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Alg2 mannosyltransferase adds both the α1,3- and α1,6-mannose (Man) onto ManGlcNAc₂-pyrophosphate-dolichol (M₁Gn₂-PDol) in either order to generate ... >> More

  N-glycosylation starts with the biosynthesis of lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Alg2 mannosyltransferase adds both the α1,3- and α1,6-mannose (Man) onto ManGlcNAc₂-pyrophosphate-dolichol (M₁Gn₂-PDol) in either order to generate the branched M₃Gn₂-PDol product. The well-studied yeast Alg2 interacts with ER membrane through four hydrophobic domains. Unexpectedly, we show that Alg2 structure has diverged between yeast and humans. Human Alg2 (hAlg2) associates with the ER via a single membrane-binding domain and is markedly more stable in vitro. These properties were exploited to develop a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quantitative kinetics assay for studying purified hAlg2. Under physiological conditions, hAlg2 prefers to transfer α1,3-Man onto M₁Gn₂ before adding the α1,6-Man. However, this bias is altered by an excess of GDP-Man donor or an increased level of M₁Gn₂ substrate, both of which trigger production of the M₂Gn₂(α-1,6)-PDol. These results suggest that Alg2 may regulate the LLO biosynthetic pathway by controlling accumulation of M₂Gn₂ (α-1,6) intermediate. << Less

  Commun. Biol. 5:117-117(2022) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]

  This publication is cited by 3 other entries.