Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 1 proteins |
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- Name help_outline 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate Identifier CHEBI:36242 (Beilstein: 3950858) help_outline Charge -1 Formula C9H7O4 InChIKeyhelp_outline KKADPXVIOXHVKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M SMILEShelp_outline Oc1ccc(CC(=O)C([O-])=O)cc1 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 20 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline O2 Identifier CHEBI:15379 (CAS: 7782-44-7) help_outline Charge 0 Formula O2 InChIKeyhelp_outline MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline O=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2,709 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline (S)-4-hydroxymandelate Identifier CHEBI:17210 Charge -1 Formula C8H7O4 InChIKeyhelp_outline YHXHKYRQLYQUIH-ZETCQYMHSA-M SMILEShelp_outline O[C@H](C([O-])=O)c1ccc(O)cc1 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 4 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline CO2 Identifier CHEBI:16526 (Beilstein: 1900390; CAS: 124-38-9) help_outline Charge 0 Formula CO2 InChIKeyhelp_outline CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline O=C=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 997 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:21376 | RHEA:21377 | RHEA:21378 | RHEA:21379 | |
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| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
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Publications
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Biosynthesis of L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine, a non-proteinogenic amino acid constituent of peptide antibiotics.
Hubbard B.K., Thomas M.G., Walsh C.T.
<h4>Background</h4>The non-proteinogenic amino acid p-hydroxyphenylglycine is a crucial component of certain peptidic natural products synthesized by a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase mechanism. In particular, for the vancomycin group of antibiotics p-hydroxyphenylglycine plays a structural role ... >> More
<h4>Background</h4>The non-proteinogenic amino acid p-hydroxyphenylglycine is a crucial component of certain peptidic natural products synthesized by a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase mechanism. In particular, for the vancomycin group of antibiotics p-hydroxyphenylglycine plays a structural role in formation of the rigid conformation of the central heptapeptide aglycone in addition to being the site of glycosylation. Initial labeling studies suggested tyrosine was a precursor of p-hydroxyphenylglycine but the specific steps in p-hydroxyphenylglycine biosynthesis remained unknown. Recently, the sequencing of the chloroeremomycin gene cluster from Amycolatopsis orientalis gave new insights into the biosynthetic pathway and allowed for the prediction of a four enzyme pathway leading to L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine from the common metabolite prephenate.<h4>Results</h4>We have characterized three of the four proposed enzymes of the L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine biosynthetic pathway. The three enzymes are encoded by open reading frames (ORFs) 21, 22 and 17 (ORF21: [PCZA361.1, O52791, CAA11761]; ORF22: [PCZA361. 2, O52792, CAA11762]; ORF17: [PCZA361.25, O52815, CAA11790]), of the chloroeremomycin biosynthetic gene cluster and we show they have p-hydroxymandelate synthase, p-hydroxymandelate oxidase and L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine transaminase activities, respectively.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine biosynthetic pathway shown here is proposed to be the paradigm for how this non-proteinogenic amino acid is synthesized by microorganisms incorporating it into peptidic natural products. This conclusion is supported by the finding of homologs for the four L-p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate biosynthetic enzymes in four organisms known to synthesize peptidic natural products that contain p-hydroxyphenylglycine. Three of the enzymes are proposed to function in a cyclic manner in vivo with L-tyrosine being both the amino donor for L-p-hydroxyphenylglycine and a source of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway. << Less
Chem. Biol. 7:931-942(2000) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 2 other entries.